Osteoarthritis

A degenerative joint disease causing cartilage breakdown, leading to pain, stiffness, and swelling. Common in older adults and those with a history of knee injuries.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

An autoimmune condition causing inflammation in the knee joint, leading to pain, swelling, and deformity. Often affects multiple joints and can occur at any age.

Meniscus Tears

Commonly caused by sudden twisting movements, leading to pain, swelling, and limited knee movement. Can occur in athletes or during activities that put stress on the knee.

Ligament Injuries (ACL, PCL, MCL, LCL)

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries often occur in sports involving sudden stops or changes in direction. Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) injuries are less common but can occur from direct impact. Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) and Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) injuries are caused by force to the knee’s sides.

Patellar Tendinitis

Inflammation of the tendon connecting the kneecap to the shinbone, often seen in athletes (jumper’s knee).

Medications

• Pain Relievers: Acetaminophen or NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen).
• Topical Creams: Gels containing NSAIDs or capsaicin.
• Supplements: Glucosamine and chondroitin.

Physical Therapy

Customized exercise programs to strengthen muscles, improve flexibility, and reduce pain.

Injections

• Corticosteroid Injections: Effective for reducing inflammation and pain.
• Hyaluronic Acid Injections: Lubricates the joint, reducing pain and improving mobility.
• Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy: Uses the patient’s own blood components to promote healing.

Lifestyle Modifications

Weight loss, low-impact exercises, and dietary adjustments to manage symptoms.

Knee Bracing and Supports

Wearing knee braces can stabilize and protect the knee joint during activities.

Knee Arthroscopy

A minimally invasive procedure using a small camera (arthroscope) to diagnose and treat knee problems, such as meniscus tears, ligament injuries, and cartilage damage.

Radiofrequency Ablation

A procedure using heat to target nerve fibers, providing pain relief in cases of chronic knee pain.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy

Involves injecting concentrated platelets into the knee to accelerate healing.

Stem Cell Therapy

Uses regenerative cells to repair damaged tissues, providing an option for cartilage regeneration.

Total Knee Replacement (TKR)

Replacing the damaged knee joint with artificial components, ideal for advanced osteoarthritis or severe knee joint damage.

Partial Knee Replacement

Replacing only the damaged part of the knee, preserving healthy tissue and bone.

Revision Knee Replacement

A secondary procedure for patients with complications or wear and tear from a previous knee replacement.

Ligament Reconstruction (ACL, PCL)

Reconstructing torn ligaments using grafts, often from the patient’s own tissue.

Meniscus Repair and Transplant

Repairing or replacing a damaged meniscus, essential for joint stability and shock absorption.

Cartilage Restoration Procedures

Techniques like microfracture surgery, autologous chondrocyte implantation, and osteochondral grafts.

Robotic-Assisted Knee Surgery

Enhances precision in knee replacement surgeries, resulting in better alignment and faster recovery.

Computer-Assisted Surgery (CAS)

Uses computer technology to guide surgical instruments, improving accuracy.

Initial Recovery Phases

Immediate post-surgery care, including pain management, wound care, and gradual movement.

Physical Therapy Programs

Strengthening exercises, range-of-motion activities, and functional training.

Pain Management

Medications, cold therapy, and elevation to reduce swelling and discomfort.

Returning to Normal Activities

Gradual return to daily activities, sports, or work with your doctor’s guidance.

Exercise and Strengthening

Engaging in low-impact exercises like swimming, cycling, and yoga to maintain knee strength and flexibility.

Weight Management

Maintaining a healthy weight reduces stress on the knees.

Knee-Friendly Activities

Opt for activities that avoid excessive strain on your knees.